I absolutely love reading all of this. Very useful stuff, and very interesting to see the different viewpoints. Beekissed's post about holistic health is the most common sense thing I've read in a long time. I am a chicken noob, but here are my thoughts:
I have my chicks outside. Have since about day 3 (I didn't have the coop finished due to a tropical disease - long story). I have no older chickens to help them along, but I figure that they are meant to live outside. That's what they do. Seems common sense to me. Why have 'em indoors if they are just going to make a mess? I used Blooie's and Beekissed's DIY MHP for them - seemed more "natural" than heating lamps and the resulting 24/7 heat and light. How is that healthy? How is that normal?
Where I live, there are restrictions on the number of chickens I can have - a total of 8. I can only have hens, but that suits me fine because I am a busy gal, I am not made of money, and my flock getting larger without my consent is not acceptable. I have 4 pullets. That's it. I don't think I will have a problem with chicken math. I didn't get chickens because they are cute (though they are really, really cute). I got them because I wanted eggs from organically raised chickens who are treated humanely. And by humanely, I don't mean they are treated like humans. I want them to be treated like the chickens they are.
I can't free range them all the time. It isn't practical, nor would it be safe for them. They are in a run until I come home in the afternoon. Then they are free to roam. My coop is kinda cute, but that's because I am into design and color. You should see the rest of my house - color everywhere! It looks a bit like an artist's loft. My run is as large as I could make it, and I filled it with natural litter - leaves, grass clippings, etc.
That being said, I do think of them more as pets than otherwise. I am vegetarian (not vegan, obviously). I am Buddhist, and I respect all life. That includes chickens. I do not kill any animals unless they may cause significant harm to me or mine. I will not cull, but that's why I want only four laying hens. No roos. No unexpected chicks. No need to cull due to overcrowding. However, I don't want them to get sick. I will treat them if the illness/injury is treatable because that is what I believe would be most compassionate. If the illness/injury is not treatable, I also will do what is most compassionate. Maybe that makes me one of those froo-froo-backyard-chicken-pet-types, but so be it. I gotta be me, right?

No judgment for those who cull and/or eat their chickens. That is a personal choice, and it also makes sense to me for those who provide for themselves and their families. It is indeed a more cost-effective and healthy way to put meat on the table.
The advice and info on BYC can be overwhelming, and I have learned that it is sometimes better to keep my opinions/questions to myself. But I enjoyed reading every post on this thread so far, and it got me in a sort of philosophical frame of mind. Really awesome, thought-provoking posts.
Thanks for the food-for-thought! I will continue to watch this for more insight.