I keep new borns on heat mat covered with 2 pieces of newsprint...60w bulb for heat. Too much heat can cause them to dehydrate. Also I put that rubbery mat shelf liner (for cupboard lining) under them, over newsprint... I get at dollar shops...cheap for large roll. I cut a 12" section and use this for the first week to keep chicks from getting splay legged from slipping on newspaper. You can wash and reuse many times. I have several cut and exchange them daily. First two days I sprinkle feed on them, then 3rd day they have to eat from feeder...they always do. Using this method I have never lost a chick!