It doesn't have to be expensive if you know where to get things. A lot of antiques are much less expensive than new furniture, especially with the outrageous shipment costs.
And if you're lucky, you can get some really cool stuff second hand.
Pillowcases are much cheaper to buy than the whole pillow, so switching out the cases in an inexpensive way to change things up too.
For other things, if you're handy you could always DIY them. Although wallpaper can be expensive, an alternative is simply painting a wall a bright color, or putting together a collage. You could use any old picture frames (a bit of paint can make them look new if needed), or you could print out pictures if you like this look
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When it comes to design and styling a home, it's really all about colors, patterns, and textures.