Their brooder is way too small for that number/size of ducklings. Is there a way to give them a big upgrade? That is another reason it is staying so wet and dirty. When that starts happening, it's time to upgrade their living quarters. You could even divide them into multiple groups if you only have that size container handy. They need lots more space, I think that will fix alot of your issues.
Edit: Also, sounds like they are getting over-heated. If they are panting you need to lower the heat a bit. They're not always smart enough to move away from the heat lamp when they're hot. They are ducks after all.
Edit: Also, sounds like they are getting over-heated. If they are panting you need to lower the heat a bit. They're not always smart enough to move away from the heat lamp when they're hot. They are ducks after all.

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