Out of curiosity, what's your source on this? All of the cases I've seen in backyard flocks have been in birds ~18 months of age or older as its manifestation coincided with an adult molt. I do know there's a line that was bred for a genetic trigger early on that are used to study the condition, Smyth line chickens, but that certainly does not mean that chickens
only get vitiligo at that age.
Also, in dogs and cats at least, it's not always autoimmune; yes, that is the most common cause, but not the
only cause. It's not studied well in chickens (outside of those Smyth line birds that do have a known heritable autoimmune cause) as far as I've been able to find, so it's hard to say if that's the case for them as well.
Remember that the definition of vitiligo is the development of patches that completely or partially lack pigment where previously they were fully pigmented, often without a known cause. So your bird
does have vitiligo by the definition of the word, we just don't know what the cause of it is.
There's actually more than one leg feathering gene, which is why there can be a spectrum of amounts of leg feathering in mixed offspring. I never remember how many genes off the top of my head, but at least one is recessive and others are partially dominant. Breeding a Silkie with full leg feathering to a clean-legged bird most likely will get you offspring with lighter leg feathering than their Silkie parent, but all with leg feathering nonetheless.
White Plymouth Rocks are generally recessive white.