Ok... let me jump in and disagree with the sentiment so far against vaccination:
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The immunities that are passed onto the chicks are passive... i.e. the chick has not developed active immunity to the diseases and their immunity will only last for a short/limited time (depending upon the disease it could be only a few weeks).
It a little like (well yes its different but its just an analogy): a baby will receive passive immunity from a mother through the milk when it breastfeeds. If it stops breast feeding and goes on formula, the passive immunity dwindles.
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The reason your friends chicks died was very, very likely just a coincidence. There are no studies I am aware of that show vaccinated chicks have a higher death rate than unvaccinated chicks.
Also, Medicated Feed does absolutely nothing to prevent any disease except Coccidiosis which is caused by a protozoan in the soil. It will not limit, curb, or stop Mareks, Newcastle, fowl pox or any other disease that attacks chickens.
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I believe that the strongest birds ARE those that have been vaccinated. Vaccination pushes the birds immune system to develop and become stronger.
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I would agree: vaccinating a backyard flock is not needed.... as long as the chicks never go outside, are never exposed to wild birds, never pick in the ground, and you change your shoes/clothes each time you enter their coop. Otherwise they have a chance (a very good chance with Mareks) of coming into contact with Mareks, Newcastles, etc. Should we practice good bio security? Definently ... along with vaccinations.
On a side note, I work for the research branch of the USDA (ARS). Our current bio-security with Swine (susceptible to a range of disease) involves both physical security (housed in a buildings in a fenced area. No one (workers or visitors) are allowed in before they change clothes/shoes AND take a shower. Even with the extreme bio-security we practice ALL of the swine still receive vaccinations.
I don't understand why a Vet would say because the flock is small there is no need to vaccinate. I only have one dog. I still got it vaccinated for distemper, rabies, and other diseases. Would you not vaccinate your dog because you don't have a large operation? Why take the chance of it contracting something and suffering a horrible death?
Vaccination is relatively cheap and helps to protect your chicks.. why not?
For those wondering, I practice what I "Preach." I had my chicks vaccinated for both Mareks and Coccidiosis at the hatchery. This last friday I vaccinated (the chicks were 4 weeks old) all the chicks for Newcastles and Bronchitis (and none of the 83 chicks have had a negative reaction to the vaccine). I already have the vaccine to vaccinate the chicks at around 8 weeks for Fowl Pox.
You may get 'lucky' and never have a chicken get sick. Just like your children may never get Polio, Measles or other diseases if they weren't vaccinated... but why take the chance when a vaccination costs .10 to .15 cents each?
Here are some links for those interested:
Pictures Diseased Chickens:
http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/t0756e/T0756E08.htm
Mareks:
http://www.organic-vet.reading.ac.uk/Poultryweb/disease/marek/marek1.htm
http://extension.unh.edu/resources/files/Resource000791_Rep813.pdf
http://www.firststatevetsupply.com/poultry-health/mareks-disease.html
http://www.wattpoultry.com/PoultryInternational/Article.aspx?id=24900
Coccidiosis:
http://www.firststatevetsupply.com/poultry-health/coccidiosis.html
http://www.umext.maine.edu/onlinepubs/PDFpubs/2259.pdf
http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/agdex4616
http://poultryone.com/articles/coccidiosis.html
http://www.wattpoultry.com/PoultryUSA/Article.aspx?id=27394
http://www.netvaxforpoultry.com/related_topics/coccidiosis.html
http://www.engormix.com/coccidiosis_in_poultry_e_articles_471_AVG.htm
FOWL POX:
http://www.firststatevetsupply.com/poultry-health/fowl-pox.html
Several Fowl Diseases
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/PS044