I never really thought about it before but apparently any species of maple can be tapped. It is just that sugar maple sap has the highest concentration of sugar.
You can also tap Black Walnut, Sycamore, Box elder, Birch, Hickory and Tulip Poplar. That means there are lots of trees in Missouri (and most of the country) that can produce syrup with enough work.
Trees need to be at least 10 inches in diameter. The larger, the more taps. It takes about 40 gallons of sugar maple sap to make a gallon of syrup. Other species take 60 gallons or more.
That's a lot of trees and a lot of taps. And a lot of boiling over an open fire.