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This link gives you characteristics of chicken breeds. It does not include the crossbreeds which may suit you better. The crossbreeds (called sex links because you can tell their sex at hatching by their color) are usually good egg layers and probably have a better temperment than the purebreed egg layers like leghorns. I say probably as chickens are like people in that every one has their own distinct personality. If you wanted a dual purpose chicken, good for eggs and meat, this opens up the possibilities a little, Astralorps, Orpingtons, Dominiques, Sussex just to name a few.
http://www.ithaca.edu/staff/jhenderson/chooks/chooks.html
As far as getting information, your public library should have several books that give good information. You can also read a lot here. I find several good sites at land grant universities such as NC State, Texas A&M, Purdue, Mississippi State, Kansas State and many others.
One thing to remember is that there are many different people in many different circumstances keeping chickens for many different reasons. People keep chickens for meat, for eggs, for meat and eggs, as pets, for breeding programs, to try to win grand champion at a show, or many other reasons and all are valid. Management practices are different for different people. What I'm getting at is to take any advice you get from any source, including me, and filter it through your unique corcumstances. Keeping chickens does not have to be hard. Just learn the basics apply them to your circumstances and you should enjoy the experience.