Chickens often don't like change but can get used to it. As you are sure they are not drinking there I'd grab a couple, one at a time, and put the tip of their beak in the water. Make sure they know it is there. If one starts drinking from there the others will learn from them.
I'm not sure what is going on. I imagine winter has something to do with giving them water in a black rubber bowl. As long as they are getting water from somewhere I would not worry too much about it but you probably have a reason for wanting them to use that one.
Does location have something to do with it? Is it somewhere they don't want to hang out or do they feel threatened there? It's hard to know what is going on but mine do not have problems switching form white bowls in summer to black bowls in winter.