My husband and I were always amazed at how clearly our pet chicken, Speckles, was able to express herself with various sounds. There was the "Just Looking Around Here, & Here & Here" kind of talking to herself noise. Also, of course, the "I Just Laid A Magnificent Egg" noise as well as the "Get Out Here Now And Scare Off This Horrible Threat" call (she was an "only chicken" most of her time with us). Our favorite was the loud, complaining, pleading, aggrieved & petulant squawk..... (Noooooooo! Not that!!!!!!!!) as we carried her back toward her coop. She managed to sound like someone was pulling out her toenails one by one.... We expected the inspector for the Society of Protection of Chickens to knock on our door one day and demand to know why we were obviously torturing some poor chicken. I heard the sweetest noise of all only after she had been with us for a while and I had her in my lap while scritching her neck; she actually made a little trilling, purring noise I'd never imagined could be produced.
She also demonstrated definite memory. When we were going to be away from home for several days we would take her over to a friend's house, along with her daytime "safety pen" and her night coop which was locked in the garage. Our friend kept sunflower seeds inside the workshop beside the garage and when on supervised outings Speckles would return there frequently to see if she could persuade our friend to dole out a few. Even after periods of months at a time, whenever we took her over to our friend's place she would run straight to the door of the shop and wait for her treat.
An article in Science News titled "Chicken Speak: birds pass test for fancy communication" by Susan Milius says that researchers have shown that chickens make sounds, like words, that represent something specific in their environment. Other than primates, chickens are the first animals shown to have this ability. Researchers found that roosters use different alarm calls for threats on the ground and threats in the air.
A story titled "Cheating Chooks" on Australian ABC TV Science by reporter Jonica Newly details experiments done concerning communication calls of chickens. Animal Behaviorist Dr. Chris Evans says that chickens communicate at a level of sophistication no one ever imagined. (Except for BYC folks!) Studies show examples of chicken "lying, cheating & occasional acts of chivalry". Chickens use a vocabulary of 20 or more calls and roosters were shown to "lie" about finding food bits for hens as much as 40% of the time. Hens learned which roosters were more likely to "tell the truth" when giving the food call and which were prone to exaggeration in bids to mate. Hens learned to ignore "false food reports" from roosters who were mostly concerned with hopping onboard (my term, not the animal behaviorist's).
Hope to read about more clever chickens. Love this thread!