Are these ducklings chocolate color?

[Duck-a-Dee]

That makes sense.

This is their Golden Cascade mom. Is she light phase? I would guess that her bill color and lighter feet mean she has buff, but I'm not sure how to tell the difference between how that would lighten her body color too vs what light phase would look like.

Also does she have the runner/pencil pattern? Or would the spots have more white?
View attachment 2788722

Is there a difference between emory penciled and "regular" penciled? I'm not having much luck finding examples.

Penciled has the chocolate gene and Emory penciled does not have the chocolate gene. There are no genes that make ducks look brown other than the chocolate gene. It is in many breeds.
When you cross a brown duck with another color it can make the otherwise black offspring duller looking. With Muscovy ducks they have a gene called Atipico and that makes the blue or black ducklings have brown heads. Has nothing to do with the chocolate gene and mallard derived ducks don't have that Atipico gene.

 

[Duck-a-Dee]

That makes sense.

This is their Golden Cascade mom. Is she light phase? I would guess that her bill color and lighter feet mean she has buff, but I'm not sure how to tell the difference between how that would lighten her body color too vs what light phase would look like.

Also does she have the runner/pencil pattern? Or would the spots have more white?
View attachment 2788722

Is there a difference between emory penciled and "regular" penciled? I'm not having much luck finding examples.

I'm guessing the babies will be light phase mallard, much like an Australian Spotted green head duck. The baby green head Aussie Spots look just like your babies.
Very beautiful. I wanted to hatch that same cross. I had a Silver Welsh drake and a Golden Cascade hen but my only GC female died of an internal infection after an egg broke inside of her