With my limited knowledge I'll try to explain:
1. Andalusian blue which is the most common type of blue is a co-dominant dilution factor. When a black bird possess one copy of the black allele and one copy of the blue dilution allele a blue colored bird is the result. Genotype Bb (B=black, b=blue). If a bird is BB it is black, Bb= blue and bb=splash. This dilution factor exists in white birds but is not expressed due to the dominant nature of white but can be passed on to black off-spring when cross mated. Blue birds of the Bb Andalusian type will have darker heads, hackles and saddles with dark lacing around each feather to varying degrees.
2. Self Blue (aka Lavender) is a completely recessive dilution gene. This means if you cross a black bird with a self blue bird the resulting off-spring will all be black, when the F1 generation is mated together you'll get about 25% self blue off-spring possessing two copies of the recessive lavender gene. These birds are a pale bluish-gray all over with no splashing or lacing.
3. Silver is completely different and results in silvery white in the hackle, wing bow, wing bay and saddle as in silver duckwing old english game or silver phoenix.
Hope this helps.
Blessings,
Bo