Candleing help!

No, not concerned at all. If very fresh hatching eggs they'd not have an air cell started at all. My cells usually are tiny day 7 but catch up to standard model size by day 14. Eggs need to lose moisture through the incubation period, the loss of water results in open air cell at fat end of egg. It this air pocket that the chicks head moves into when they turn around in the egg prior to piping and zipping the shell. The air cell needs to be large enough for the chicks to breath. It's that simple. The lower RH you incubate at the faster the air cell grows and in reverse the higher the RH the slower or no growth occurs. 25-35% RH is a good place to be during first 18 days then you up it to 70% + RH for last few days when they hatch.

Here's a diagram that's all over these BYC pages. It's not meant to be exacting rather a good model to stay in range of. If your cells are as large or larger than what is indicated for day 14 on day 18 you'll be fine. If they are huge day 14 up humidity early to stop growth. It's a good monitoring system when candling day 14 and gives you time to make adjustment if needed:





Photo above is how you can preform a salt test: Saturated salt at all normal home temp and incubation temp range is 75% RH +/- 1%. A calibration is nothing more than creating a salt environment and taking a reading with your hygrometer. How far it's off from 75 is your calibration. You always add or subtract the difference from your units reading to know true RH.

In a nutshell here's how I do a salt test:

Milk cap or any small cap/container filled with salt; add drops of water until saturated. I pour off any standing water.

Put cap and hygrometer into a sealed container. I use quart sized zip seal bags and allow for small pillow of air. Voila! A saturated salt environment.

Wait...then wait some more...I calibrated yesterday and after 6 hours the RH reading was finally steady as it didn't change hour 7 and called it.

Subtract your reading from 75 and write that number down on masking tape and stick it to your incubator as reminder.

Ex: your reading is 85%, 75-85= -10, you'll always subtract 10 from your units reading for true RH. My unit yesterday was 8% off and have read of peoples devices being off as much as 15%. It makes a big difference if your 15% low at hatch time (chicks will dry and stick to shell and unable to zip) or can't figure out why the air cells are not growing or growing too large.

Note: battery powered hygrometers will vary a lot depending how new or drained the battery is. Always perform a salt test start of every hatch season and if the battery is changed.

For instance by unit last year was off 2% and with same battery in was off 8% yesterday and today the battery died so am performing a new test as it has a new battery.
 
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It really makes a difference. If a person is recommending 30% RH and your unit's calibration is -10 but you never knew you'd say they were daft and you get better results 15-20% RH during incubation. All sorts of RH ranges recommended but few that are reporting true numbers. And again is your too low when the chicks pip the shell they'll dry out, that's really the biggest issue and you must be above 65% RH with 70% being much better to avoid that very messy and often stressful issue.

I can tell you what it usually takes for my incubator in my climate to achieve 30% RH but if you live in a dry climate or having a very wet spring the surface area you need of water or no water at all added is very different. Surface area of water needed is local climate dependent. RH inside the incubator is the same the world around if everyone is using a calibrated unit and are adjusting surface water area to get that RH. 30% in South Africa is 30% in Alberta. I need the surface area of a shot glass to achieve 25-30%, doesn't help you at all unless your in New England.
 
No, not concerned at all. If very fresh hatching eggs they'd not have an air cell started at all. My cells usually are tiny day 7 but catch up to standard model size by day 14. Eggs need to lose moisture through the incubation period, the loss of water results in open air cell at fat end of egg. It this air pocket that the chicks head moves into when they turn around in the egg prior to piping and zipping the shell. The air cell needs to be large enough for the chicks to breath. It's that simple. The lower RH you incubate at the faster the air cell grows and in reverse the higher the RH the slower or no growth occurs. 25-35% RH is a good place to be during first 18 days then you up it to 70% + RH for last few days when they hatch. Here's a diagram that's all over these BYC pages. It's not meant to be exacting rather a good model to stay in range of. If your cells are as large or larger than what is indicated for day 14 on day 18 you'll be fine. If they are huge day 14 up humidity early to stop growth. It's a good monitoring system when candling day 14 and gives you time to make adjustment if needed: Photo above is how you can preform a salt test: Saturated salt at all normal home temp and incubation temp range is 75% RH +/- 1%. A calibration is nothing more than creating a salt environment and taking a reading with your hygrometer. How far it's off from 75 is your calibration. You always add or subtract the difference from your units reading to know true RH. In a nutshell here's how I do a salt test: Milk cap or any small cap/container filled with salt; add drops of water until saturated. I pour off any standing water. Put cap and hygrometer into a sealed container. I use quart sized zip seal bags and allow for small pillow of air. Voila! A saturated salt environment. Wait...then wait some more...I calibrated yesterday and after 6 hours the RH reading was finally steady as it didn't change hour 7 and called it. Subtract your reading from 75 and write that number down on masking tape and stick it to your incubator as reminder. Ex: your reading is 85%, 75-85= -10, you'll always subtract 10 from your units reading for true RH. My unit yesterday was 8% off and have read of peoples devices being off as much as 15%. It makes a big difference if your 15% low at hatch time (chicks will dry and stick to shell and unable to zip) or can't figure out why the air cells are not growing or growing too large. Note: battery powered hygrometers will vary a lot depending how new or drained the battery is. Always perform a salt test start of every hatch season and if the battery is changed. For instance by unit last year was off 2% and with same battery in was off 8% yesterday and today the battery died so am performing a new test as it has a new battery.
I don't exactly have a Hygrometer and I never know the exact humidity rates. Is there a way that I can record the humidity rates without one or is it a must that I buy one?
 
It's not a must. One could run without any water then candle day 10 and judge if they need moisture added. Then candle day 14 or 15 and do a last adjustment of either going adding water to hatching humidity or staying with what you are doing or running dry until day 18/19. One can do it by visual alone but it's a lot easier with a hygrometer. You can pick up a $7 Acurite at Walmart. That's very little to spend for peace of mind and ease of incubating.
 
It's not a must. One could run without any water then candle day 10 and judge if they need moisture added. Then candle day 14 or 15 and do a last adjustment of either going adding water to hatching humidity or staying with what you are doing or running dry until day 18/19. One can do it by visual alone but it's a lot easier with a hygrometer. You can pick up a $7 Acurite at Walmart. That's very little to spend for peace of mind and ease of incubating.

Xs 2

I rely on air cell monitoring to know how and when to adjust, but it's easy to have a hygrometer for guidance.
 
It's not a must. One could run without any water then candle day 10 and judge if they need moisture added. Then candle day 14 or 15 and do a last adjustment of either going adding water to hatching humidity or staying with what you are doing or running dry until day 18/19. One can do it by visual alone but it's a lot easier with a hygrometer. You can pick up a $7 Acurite at Walmart. That's very little to spend for peace of mind and ease of incubating.


Thank you for your help. I cannot shop at Walmart as I live in England. However I will be going to a farm shop that sell agriculture supplies so I can have a look in there. Thank you so much for your help. One more question, I am on Day Four as I have mentioned before and I candle the egg to see if I can see anything. Is it normal to see just the yolk or should I be seeing more development? I believe my egg is a Marans.
 
Thank you for your help. I cannot shop at Walmart as I live in England. However I will be going to a farm shop that sell agriculture supplies so I can have a look in there. Thank you so much for your help. One more question, I am on Day Four as I have mentioned before and I candle the egg to see if I can see anything. Is it normal to see just the yolk or should I be seeing more development? I believe my egg is a Marans.

In light colored eggs with easy to see shells, and with correct temps, veining and the first of development can be seen as early as day 3, but in darker shells it may take 5-7 days to really see development well. Most of my eggs are light colored. I can usually tell by day 3 which are fertile and which aren't. Here is a day 1-5 pic of a hatch I did last year. This is typical for what I see in my light shelled eggs.


700
 
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I am going to candle again tonight and cross fingers there are no more blood rings. It is also whe. We should hopefully see something in the fiances eggs as well. If i lose all my olive egger eggs i think i am going to cry.
 

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