Hmm, perhaps I'm designing this wrong (I'm not a carpenter or a structural engineer).
My thinking was that I would have 4 or 6 4x4s, about 8-9 feet tall. There would be 5 bearer beams (as the design is pentagonal), and I wasn't planning on having traditional floor joists (as I want to offer additional protection from weather and predators) but rather just 2x4s, flat to the base. If they need further support (which they would) perhaps 2 or 3 mid-span joists underneath them running from two of the bearer beams across. I worry that building a proper subfloor is beyond my skills and budget.
It sounds like it would be better for those bearer beams to be entirely above short posts (so instead of the posts going all the way to the top, it would be functionally a separate structure)?