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Actually it is listed, it is a CITES III, (above my guess was CITES II) all animals are listed, it is just a matter of which category. USF&W does not have any designation for it so there are no restrictions as far as they are concerned, but you still need to have them cleared by USF&W and Customs to import them.
You can not normally sell a CITES I animal over state lines or between countries without paperwork, alive, dead, or any part of the animal. I was curious about the rules of selling these pheasants or parts so I went to the USF&W site and looked up the information and as far as I can tell the reason it is legal is because the birds have been in captivity since before they were given the status as endangered and it is common knowledge that they are captive bred and no one is smuggling wild birds into the country for sale. Species that were not being captive bred for sale until after 1982 may have some problems but I am not sure on the language they use so I can't be 100% on that fact. A perfect example of this is the wolf, Canis lupus, the domestic dog is the same species but a different subspecies, Canis lupus familiaris, but no one would ever question the fact that it is legal to buy, sell, ship or own a dog.