We have been in a constant state of flux with free ranging. We used to free range often while home, until our favorite hen was taken by a coyote. Then started staking our not chicken-safe dog at the border of prairie/woods, with a muzzle on! Note that I was always right there, only feet away from the dog, who was there happily eating treats, as an alarm/deterrent for coyotes. That actually worked well and got the birds out for an hour a few times a week, until a Cooper’s hawk came out of nowhere and went for a hen. Also turned ducks out in the am, escorted to our pond, then escorted back to coop in pm. That worked until they started deciding to come to coop at midday while I am at work, presenting an unsafe situation... next, Turned our guineas out to free range and expected losses, but none after three weeks! Unfortunately, the guineas also attack our free range chickens and ducks, so no free ranging for them; I’m now reducing the guinea flock to see if that helps... Since we are attached to all of our poultry, any loss is a big, emotional deal.