When my husband and me are not at home whole day, the chickens stay locked up. If we leave in the afternoon we set them free in the morning and lure them back inside with feed before we go. We usually give them mixed grains and a few mealworms. Boiled rice or spaghetti is a welcome treat too.
Preferably we set them free when they have at least 2 hours outside. Trying to lock them in after 1 hour is difficult, after 2 hours it’s no problem.
We don’t like it to let them outside to free range in the garden early mornings (spring + summer) when we are not at home bc its more quiet and it is more risky to encounter foxes and other predators.
During the day when we are at home, we look or go outside regularly. I work at home a lot and it’s good for me to take a break and go check the girls every hour or so. A couple of times over the past 11 years we have seen birds of prey, foxes, escaped or free ranging dogs, hunting cats. Being around and showing your presence helps imo. It’s no guarantee nothing will happen.
Over the past 11 years I lost 1 hen inside the run (fox) but more when they were truly free ranging (2 young pullets and 2 hens ????, 1 hen to a buzzard). All these years I had 4-9 grown ups. Never roosters, only cockerels from hatching. Sad of course but willing to take the risk bc the big advantage of truly free ranging is their health and happiness.
Over these years I only lost 2 hens with a health problem.
(I left the chicks out in this overview).