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From the reading that I've done on about a million different quail sites, I've noticed a lot of confusion surrounding the names of different colors. Pharaoh can refer to the size of the quail, meaning smaller vs. jumbo, or it can be another name for the brown or wild color, which is the common dark on top and light on bottom. This should not be confused with the chocolate/Tibetan/British Range color which covers the entire bird. (In yet another bizarre twist, the British sometimes call this darker color "American" Range.)
Whites can be either Texas A&Ms, which are white-meat birds, or the much rarer English Whites, which provided the genetic material for the A&Ms. Manchurian Golden and Tuxedos are the other two most common colors. There are many mutations in these quail and many other colors available on a more limited basis that may or may not carry on to their offspring.
Right now I have Pharaoh and Tibetan colored quail, but I have nearly a hundred quail eggs in the incubator right now that will hopefully give me some of each of the major colors except for the English Whites.