I'm trying to clarify a few things. My babies are just seven weeks old so won't get the egg laying answers for another four months and in the case of the little cockerels I'm hoping to keep, even longer. I bred my Ameraucana rooster to Ameraucanas, Easter eggers, an olive egger, a black copper marans and California greys. (I got carried away.)
Of course the Ameraucanas and Easter eggers have pea combs as does the resulting olive eggers. But the California grey X Ameraucana all have small straight combs. The mothers all lay very white eggs so expect blue from the daughters without they're having pea combs. I'm planning on keeping a cockerel from this breeding to see what I can get from him when bred to different color egg layers.
I don't know what other modifiers are involved but it seems that the genotype for straight comb is rrpp and the genotype for pea comb is rrPp and rrPP, and they're incomplete dominant, so I'm generalizing on only those factors- I'm going on theory with just the basic genotype. Maybe someone who's done a bunch of Ameraucana x straight-comb hen type crosses will jump in with more practial experience.
If your AM roo is rrPP, I would expect all the resulting F1s to have about the same middle-ground type comb as it's incomplete dominant. If you crossed only those California Grey F1s with each other, all of which would be rrPp, then you'd probably get 1/4 pea comb, 1/2 middle comb and 1/4 straight comb.
If your AM roo is rrPp, probably 1/2 will have some kind of middle comb and the other 1/2 will have the straight comb. If you then crossed
only the middle comb California grey offspring with each other, the results would be the same as above (because you'd have rrPp's in those middle combs).
F2's of your non-straight comb California Grey F1 x non-straight comb California Grey F1, rrPp x rrPp
rP rp
rP rrPP (pea) rrPp (middle)
rp rrPp (middle) rrpp (straight)
Extrapolating from that, selecting from modified comb offspring should start to give the pea comb F2's- and theoretically those rrPP pea comb F2s might have two copies of the blue egg gene. I'm sure there's more to it and I don't know what to expect in terms of that middle ground comb, but the trait is incomplete dominant so it should be different from either parent in F1's.
Back to SBELxSBEL, I think the reference to pea combs representing blue egg gene and straight combs being a tell-tale sign within SBEL comes down to most of them being rrPP with some rrPp's in there, both pea comb genotypes. The straight comb doesn't appear unless the offspring gets rrpp (straight comb). Mating rrPP x rrPp wouldn't give any straight combs, all pea combs. To get a straight comb, 2 rrPp's would have to find each other and 1/4 of those offspring would be straight comb. If there's only a 1/32 chance in F1's for a straight comb and 1/64 in F2's for a straight comb (or was it the other way around, either way, small chance), the majority of SBELs would have to be rrPPs.