1. When did you plant it? Garlic is best planted in late fall/early winter. Plant it about 4 - 6" deep and cover with straw or hay after the first frost.
2. Where did you buy your bulbs ? Grocery store garlic can sometimes be planted but it's better to buy bulbs at the Farmers Market. Local growers will have the best kind for your area. I've read that all garlic varieties are similar to each other, just given different names.
3. How did you plant it? Garlic is made up of "cloves" . These should be broken apart and planted 4 - 5 " apart, pointed end up. The larger the cloves the bigger the bulb you will harvest at mid to late summer.
4. What type of soil did you plant it in? Loamy soil is best that has good drainage. It like full sun. Takes about 8 months to mature.
5. There are two types of garlic. Hard neck and soft neck. I believe it is the Hardneck that form what are called "Scapes",. these are seed pods on top of long stalks. In order for the bulbs to form they must be cut off as soon as they show up. Many times you will see them sold in baskets. The can be used to make Pesto or grilled. If they are NOT cut off the plant will got to seed and the bulb will be used up.
Similar to onions and tulips.
The "Scape " in this picture has started to go to seed.
It should have been cut off at this point. You can cut it off a few inches down the stalk. I've had Scapes saute'd at the Copper Turret in Morrisville and mistook it for Asparagus. They're very good.