Honestly I'm still looking for the perfect waterer, one that wouldn't need filling every day and whose content would not freeze in our very cold and humid Quebecan winters. Seriously thinking about trying one of the two heated horizontal nipple waterers below sometimes in the future, though I'm not sure which one to pick.
Farm Innovators Heated Poultry Waterer
Premier 1 Heated Poultry Waterer
In the meantime I've tried out vertical nipples in the summer months and found out they dripped alot. I use those only for chicks in a brooder now, when a wire mesh floor prevents them from sleeping on wet bedding.
Nipple cups failed right out of the box for me. The cups needed
alot of stimulation to refill, and the water level took so much time to rise up that my chickens only tried them three times before returning to the water bowl.
Horizontal nipples are next on my list of things to try out. I'm crossing my fingers that they will not freeze under the winter temperatures of Quebec.
Heated dog bowls got discarded because my hens have a tendency to topple bowls if they're down to half-full, not to mention they are messy drinkers. I'm paranoid enough about the heated element meeting water and rip that I prefer not to play with that potential fire hazard. (It's warmer inside the coop than outside in the run, so the water stays inside the coop.)
For now I'm stuck with the good old non-heated water bowl that my chickens take immense pleasure of soiling every day, year round. I don't have anything to heat the water, so when the winter weather threatens to get nasty I give my hens a second bowl, packed with snow. The snow doesn't freeze or make a mess, the hens love nibbling on it and they still get water out of it, even if it takes a bit more time to drink that way. The snow bowl gives me time to shovel open the path to their coop without running myself aground, so it's a win-win all around.