my grandparents live up near hayward,wisconsin and they keep their chickens in an old semi drafty barn (which is starting to fall apart). no insulation except the floor that is news paper and poop. their roosts are not all in the same place. they are differ locations, but the nest boxes are all together. they use one heat lamp in the middle of the room and they only turn it on if the temp is going to be below 20 degrees. and it seems to do just fine. as the bedding, they just rip up their news paper that they have saved up. in the spring, they shovel it all out, scrub everything down and replace the newspaper only once a year. with the news paper, they will add it a few times through out the year so when winter does come, it acts as insulation. it does smell, but it's no big deal, not overwhelming at all. it doesn't even bother my kids who are NOT used to it at all.