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I keep my eggs in a covered plastic shoe box type container in the fridge. Refrigerators can dehydrate moisture out of eggs if not kept covered because the shell is porous. If you aren't able to eat your eggs within a few days, you might be impressed with the quality change by keeping them airtight. If not refrigerating them I would be inclined to use them within a day or so, otherwise why take the chance? Salmonella is a sucky experience.
Per USDA:
Refrigerated retail eggs are usually stamped with an expiration date that is 30 days past packaging date. That is the date that the retailer must pull them from the shelf, but they are still considered safe for consumer use for an additional 2 weeks past that expiration date.
Why should eggs be refrigerated?
Temperature fluctuation is critical to safety. With the concern about Salmonella, eggs gathered from laying hens should be refrigerated as soon as possible. After eggs are refrigerated, they need to stay that way. A cold egg left out at room temperature can sweat, facilitating the movement of bacteria into the egg and increasing the growth of bacteria. Refrigerated eggs should not be left out more than 2 hours.
I've noticed that there is a universal sentiment of looking down on commercial egg farms, but having lived in egg ranch country, I know their eggs are tested for internal salmonella and ours are not. Yes, INTERNAL salmonella. Some otherwise HEALTHY chickens can have salmonella organisms living in their ovaries, so they lay eggs with the salmonella already inside the egg before the shell is formed. Yep, that's true. One of the reasons USDA regularly inspects egg ranches is to randomly test eggs for the presence of salmonella inside the egg. If they are found to be contaminated, that facility can not sell any of its eggs for 'shell egg' use, but must sell them to processors who are going to cook the eggs. It's impossible to identify which chicken is infected, so the entire facility is considered infected. Only after they change out the flock and get a clean certification can they go back to 'shell egg' sales.