Bamboo comes in two varieties - "clumpers" and "runners". The running type can put out rhizomes up to thirty feet from the grove. You can successfully grow them with root barriers but it's an added expense and a lot of work to put in one that will contain them. The clumpers include some beautiful fountain type species such as Fargesia nitida if you live somewhere it doesn't get too hot and humid as it's originally from a temperate part of Asia. We have a grove of phyllostachis aurea ('Golden Bamboo) in our front yard, which stays fairly contained by a creek, a road, and distance from the neighbors and house. Still, it's definitely not a "plant it and forget it" type of plant.