My best success was an electronic rat trap that would zap the rodents and allow me to dispose of them without touching them. It was about $40. Chickens couldn't get inside the trap, so I put it in the coop with them.
I had limited success outside the coops/runs with oversized snap traps that look like big, old-fashioned mouse traps. When I used those, I hot glued dog kibble to the trap so the rat would have to spend a little time trying to get the bait.
There is nearly no chance that you only have one rat. And, it's likely there are tunnels somewhere near your coops. I had to install hardware cloth "floors' under my coops. I first tried stuffing essential-oil soaked rags in the tunnels without success.
I never leave food out at night and store all of my feed in metal garbage cans.
Good luck with the battle ahead of you! Rats are incredibly smart and will give you plenty of headaches, but you have the ability to (eventually) defeat them!
I had limited success outside the coops/runs with oversized snap traps that look like big, old-fashioned mouse traps. When I used those, I hot glued dog kibble to the trap so the rat would have to spend a little time trying to get the bait.
There is nearly no chance that you only have one rat. And, it's likely there are tunnels somewhere near your coops. I had to install hardware cloth "floors' under my coops. I first tried stuffing essential-oil soaked rags in the tunnels without success.
I never leave food out at night and store all of my feed in metal garbage cans.
Good luck with the battle ahead of you! Rats are incredibly smart and will give you plenty of headaches, but you have the ability to (eventually) defeat them!