As soon as gender is known we separate the boys and bump their protein up. By 5-6 months old they're plenty big enough. (depending on breed and type... we narrowed down the flock and phased out all that were small, built too narrow, or otherwise not looking like a table bird) Now, I'm really only working with Marans and Bresse, along with two projects for dual purpose with colorful eggs.
Lot's of breeds are touted as dual purpose, chicken tastes like chicken. I've found that the yield varies quite widely, sometimes within the same breed. White meat to dark meat ratio, body shape, how much meat is on the breast versus the thigh, if the thighs are white or dark meat... lot's of variations out there. Fat deposits, type of fat, skin texture, meat texture.... I'd be fine with never eating an Easter Egger cockerel again, unless he was put in the crockpot for hours, shredded down and drenched in good BBQ sauce.
In having the goal of chicken dinner as the means of dealing with all of the cockerels (I hatch anywhere from 20-50 eggs in a batch, 3-5 batches a year) it has totally changed the way I breed chickens. I look for a certain body type, I get picky on who moves into a breeding pen and we're 0 tolerance on overly aggressive males.
Out of 10-25 boys, I'm looking for the 3-5 who are true gems. Good type, good attitude, correct feathers. They seem to come up about 33% of the time. Those are the boys who are considered for the following year or they move on to breeder homes, after graduating from the bachelor pad.
The most common question I'm asked from bird shoppers is "They're all girls, right?" which then leaves the boys with us. Giving them away doesn't always work, it can take a long time for someone who wants them to show up for them. Charging money for regular old cockerels doesn't work. To get money for a boy, he really needs to be a good example for his breed and come with at least one pullet.
So I've found myself growing out basically everything I hatch, first to see gender, next to see quality. The pullets are sorted two ways, breeding quality or layer quality. Haven't encountered too many duds from the girls.
By the time you've sold eggs, chicks and pullets, the feed for the boys is paid for. To us it doesn't much matter that it takes 5-6 months to get them to table size. By the time we get to that point, the expense has already been covered and we're basically supplementing our diet with free meat.
Roosters will go where the hens are, if they can get there. We keep everyone in pens, free range being too risky with our predator situation. Usually in every batch there is 1 who insists on being awful. He's usually bigger than the rest from hogging the food. Having multiple feeders prevents one from guarding a single food source. An aggressive one is the first to go to freezer camp. After the removal of such a bird, the rest of them are much more relaxed.
It's WAY easier to sell 1 or 2 good quality roosters than it is to give away 5 or more average cockerels. There are some, usually foreigners, who will spend $3-$5 each on a group to eat themselves. First they stalk craigslist for all of the free ones though, not willing to pay until those dry up. With where I've gotten my birds to be and how they're turning out, we're not devaluing them by putting the genetics out there free or cheap.
We enjoy them enough to charge accordingly, if you wanna leave with my dinner that's gonna be $25 for the inconvenience. Haha
In the old days before I wrapped my mind around eating them, I would box up the boys and take them to a swap, with a big free sign. They'd be gone in less than an hour. Back when I had normal chickens and didn't get into specific bloodlines.
Turns out that the SOP for the dual purpose breeds accounts for the shape that makes the better table bird. I had a long time breeder come buy some pullets and she was in LOVE with the width of the rooster that fathered that group, commenting that "Hardly anyone knows anymore to go for that width." It's what fills out the baking pan, opposed to the more efficient build of a narrow type, which makes for a layer type with better feed conversion (what the hatcheries want, more efficient layers). My "fat" girls lay good eggs too, they just have to eat a little more to get there.
When we were culling through the initial batch of Bresse that got us started, there were 5 boys. 1 was worth moving into a breeding pen. There was such a difference between them though that I want to do an order for babies from where that breeder had gotten them, to see if that same variation happens. Plus I need a new rooster to go with the daughters from mine.
I can see my birds changing from one generation to the next and that's pretty neat to watch. Having a good culling system is essential to a good breeding program. Knowing what to cull for within a specific breed is important too, so that the better cockerels actually have value.
In some regions they'll bring something at auctions. Not in our area though, we're definitely in a hen driven market. We sure eat good though!
The Marans have white meat thighs, a decent amount on the breast and thick skin that makes for a juicy baked bird. The Bresse are more delicate in texture, thinner skinned, larger breasts. Neither gets globby fat deposits.
If you want to be a breeder, it's worth getting to know your birds from the inside out. The feathers can hide a lot of their structure, you can tell a lot by how they feel, how long the keel bone is, if there is anything developing on the breast, how wide they are compared to others of the same breed. Having them penned up makes it easier to get your hands on them for evaluations.
We do the same with the Turkeys. We have 9 toms growing out in pasture tractors who's feed has already been paid for from Spring/Summer poult sales.
I was surprised by the scale we had to reach in order to come close to keeping ourselves in poultry year round. Just to get to where the hatches were big enough at one time. Next year I'm hoping to get enough eggs to do larger, quarterly hatches. We ended up keeping most of the pullets this past year unless they were of a breed we're phasing out.
Congrats to this Blue Birchen Marans who graduated from the bachelor pad and earned himself 10 ladies!