It's called Pithing, and you can mess this up as well.to brandislee: there is an old fashioned method to kill poultry that is supposed to be painless...hang the bird up by the feet or in a cone or other restrainer and INSERT A VERY SHARP KNIFE POINT THROUGH THE MOUTH DIRECTLY INTO THE BRAIN...this is the method illustrated in old poultry books on processing...the bird is killed instantly and without undue trauma...
Any of these methods can be botched.
I find cutting the jugular the easiest and the most pain free way to kill them. They really don't feel it.. Think of a time you received an injury.. did you feel it instantly? Usually it takes a while for the pain to kick in. By the time the pain would kick in, they are already dead.
The most traumatizing part for the bird is being handled by you before you are to dispatch them.. unless your bird likes to be held of course... I have only processed roosters and dispatched unthrifty hens.
With small birds I take the head right off with a sharp knife - easy. With a large bird the jugular is the easiest way for me. Everyone is different - I don't use the axe method because I have botched it.. twice... I have botched a neck breaking as well.
I do hold the neck in place until they start to convulse. I find they go quicker if held so the blood drains faster. Once they start to convulse - I know they are already dead so it doesn't bother me like it did in the beginning.. though I had one chick that convulsed for 3 -4 minutes strait. She had her head cut off so was definitely dead.