I spoke with a vet today & wanted to share the conversation.
Since our posts have talked a lot about worms, cocci, to vaccinate or not, I had been thinking and reading a lot about these things for the last several days.
I have not given any drugs, vaccinations, wormers, etc. to any of my chickens. Like Mumsy said above, I want to raise strong, healthy chickens via natural means; that is my goal. I want to produce eggs and meat that is different from the "factory farm" fare that I can get anywhere. I have treated for injury (bumblefoot) and would treat any other fixable injury.
So... I decided to contact the somewhat local "farm vet" office to talk about some of these things and also ask if they did fecal testing. This vet office has about 10 vets that make farm calls...or you can haul your goat in to the office if you so desire! Since their "house call" charge is only $30 to my area I imagine if I had a goat I'd just let the vet come to us (unless, of course, the goat needed an "outing", but I digress.)
The vet was very clear with me that gape worm is very rare. He also stated that in his practice he had not seen chickens that needed to be wormed. He told me that he had his own backyard chicken flock a few years ago and that he "made sure they had good food and clean water, and cleaned out the litter from time to time...otherwise he just gathered eggs."
He told me that some of the "factory farm" type operations he dealt with treated for cocci because if they got sick that was a lot of birds to lose all at once... (50,00 at a time) but that his experience with small flocks was that cocci was usually not an issue if raised relatively "naturally".
He said that if they are out where other birds are they would ON RARE OCCASION contract a respiratory disease (I left the proper name on my desk at work...sorry) that they referred to as "blood slinging" in which the trachea became inflamed, they could cough up blood and parts of the trachea and shake their head and the blood and trachea would be "slung" around. In that case he said, CULL. But that it was very rare to see it. He also mentioned Avian flu was possible if they have wild birds around a lot.
The conclusion of our conversation? He encouraged "letting the chickens be chickens" and not to worry about that kind of thing. Provide a healthy, natural environment and these things would very likely never be an issue. On the rare occasion, cull.
Myself....I haven't had to deal with disease or worms. If I thought I had cocci in young chicks I might treat them. I guess until I have that experience I can't be 100% sure how I'd deal with that. I think it would have a lot to do with the specific circumstances.
But my GOAL IS TO PRACTICE THE KIND OF HUSBANDRY THAT IS PREVENTATIVE rather than having to treat an illness after the fact. So far that has worked well. ie...The most natural feed I can afford, including "animal" protein and avoiding soy and gm ingredients, avoidance of chemicals and medicines to allow them to build their own healthy immune system, healthy housing and run built up with deep litter, free ranging as much as possible, fresh clean water, access to green growing things, bugs, etc. during the summer and saving some up for the winter, fresh air and sunshine, places for dust bathing year-round, observing for any signs of problems (like lice/mites) to catch them early........you get the idea.
I won't purchase started birds from swaps (and probably not anywhere else for that matter), and hopefully only introduce day-old chicks or use hatching eggs until I have enough diversity that I can breed my own replacements. I will likely not go to shows or into the poultry barn at the fair. If I do go around other flocks or birds I'll use common-sense bio-security by doing things like wearing different shoes and clothing and removing them to the wash before going into my own flock. Not allowing people that have chickens walk into the chicken yard, etc.
I have learned well from those of you that have raised flocks for years to be proactive about things like that. (Just today one of our Indiana folks had to cull her whole flock because she brought home birds from a swap at a local TSC. Birds were vet tested and confirmed with the disease after some of her flock began to get sick so she had to cull the whole flock and wait until next year to start over. Things like this can be prevented; just don't go. But this is something I never would have known without the input and experiences of the folks on this and a few other threads.)
So...sorry for the long post. Hopefully it is useful to someone.