As far as i can tell, there are only two kinds of sugar. Beets are 100% GMO. And I love beets. Gotta learn to grow them. You will probably pay a premium for cane sugar. But the alternative........ A big thing is to know where your rice comes from. Most in the grocery stores are from China or someplace contaminated. Look on the labels. These are two of the most important choices out there. Coming from La. I have no problems buying cane sugar but the rice is just as expensive as other places.
Everyone assumes we all cooked only with honey prior to a certain date but this is untrue:
Some tree saps besides Maple are sweet and where used and can be dried.
Sweet Flag root was very common but one study and the FDA banned it, there have been no follow up studies by the FDA or USA companies on the various varieties (some are still used in other countries as sweeteners, I have not properly done follow up on this plant, so do not go off and just use it) I did note it is awful interesting this ban made everyone in the USA switch to Sugar from beets & cane for those industries.
You can grow your own sugar cane but it will attract ants.
Heirloom Beets are out there.
Stevia can now be purchased to grow yourself or in bulk powder forms.
Erythritol is a sugar alcohol found in fruit, but in powder form it is made via an industrial process. Xylitol another sugar alcohol.
I know folks that use Apple Juice to act as a sweetener in baking.
Yacon Syrup from the Yacon Plant.
Agave Syrup from Agave Cactus.
Barley Malt Syrup
Brown Rice Syrup/Rice Malt Syrup
Date Sugar
Fruit Juice Concentrate
Molasses
Maple Syrup
Honey
And like it or not Corn Syrup: can't be any more processed than some of the alternatives: (CS has bad press because of a study designed to prove if Cancer Cells like Sugar). Note a medical study designed to cut out all sugar from the human diet amongst diabetic humans had to be stopped when the patients kept dying suddenly... turns out even diabetics need a little sugar in their diets from some source. So moderation is still the best rule. Also different sugars and sweeteners do effect your blood sugar levels differently so if you are consuming them and worried about that you should research that so you know what is best for you.
Now simply because it is all organic and natural does not mean it is good for you, not junk food, or not heavily refined the same as beet sugar or cane sugar or corn syrup or even better for you than what you stopped eating.
The food industry wether GMO, non-organic food industry produced foods, Organic or Natural is heavily driven by fads, bad studies abound to confuse the consumers not just to make a buck but because of politics and ethical or social economic values or religion even, and every food I have seen touted as good in my life time has been latter targeted for vilification and then often again vindicated by studies. Misuse of data is common by competing interests in making a buck or trying to change society. People often promote foods or diets with completely unsubstantiated claims and also often bash other foods & diets the same. Even medical diets are often not properly studied, and sadly just someone's idea with out proper research to back them, the original cholesterol scare that resulted in tons of people being put on meds, fake foods, & weird diets was not based on good science: Basically the scientists/doctors did a study to find the average cholesterol count and then decided they did not like that number and simply set a low arbitrary number to impose on everyone without any research to determine if that was a number that was normal for healthy people or even a good idea (why, I guess they had a preconceived idea or bias?) thus tons of people where forced on to meds we now know they did not need. Some medical diets have even been proven to increase the medical problems they where suppose to be making better. After my hubby got back from the doctors one day and I read through all the dietary restrictions by each clinic doctor he saw that day... I concluded he could have only water and lettuce, as everything else was on the no no list; not really a healthy diet the MD collective created that day.
So my point is research the food babble and make self informed choices but remember tons of folks want to tell you what to eat because they believe they know best, others because they want to make a buck and still others want to change society... and thus you need to be fixed too.
I am inclined personally to be worried about pesticides but all natural bug killing pesticides are dangerous too... so use common sense and ask questions even if a study is being cited.
I hope the list helps.