When they start leaking or stinking! If you put your nose over the eggs, you'll pick up that there's a stinker. Then you'll have to pick up each egg, and sniff it. Have something handy that is pleasant smelling
between sniffing each egg, so your nose will be able to pick up any subtle difference. If you're gentle, you won't hurt them by candling them. Take them into a VERY dark room, even a closet with the door shut, and a VERY bright light. You can sometimes see better if you candle through the air sack. I know that they say not to tip them upside down, but if it's after day 7, a bit of a head stand won't hurt them. View some of the candling threads before you do it. As you candle them, you can mark each egg with a Y or a ? to indicate that they are developing correctly, or not sure. Any that are definite duds, you'll want to remove before they become a leaker or stinker! If nothing else, you can at least use a pencil to mark the air sac so when you check it as it gets closer to hatch date, you can compare it to the charts to be sure they're loosing volume correctly. IMO, candling, and watching the embryo develop is half of the fun of incubation.