To be honest, I've never grown my own grain for consumption by my birds. I have a local mill make my feed and have them add other things to the feed. Most quail in the wild don't have access to grains for their major source of protein. Usual fair for wild quail are various grass seeds, insects and forbes.
If your really wanting to grow your own feed (grains) I would look into Triticale, a hybeid Wheat and Rye plant. Amaranth, Barley, Proso millet and Sorghum. None of the grains have a readable amount of absorbable protein. You would be better off with fish meal as a source of protein.
All grains are like candy to the quail. They like it but not really good for them as the only source of protein. Mealworms are high in protein but also high fat content. A high fat diet isn't good for birds, just the same as for humans. Some people also raise black fly larvae for an alternate source of protein.
I don't know but I would think that raising/producing enough of the various grains would not be cost effective in the long run and would be better to just buy a high quality commercial feed or have it milled to your specifications. HTH
