Leghorns (white eggs), Rhode Island reds (brown eggs), and the various hybrid sex links are probably your best bet. There is a lot of variability among breeds and even within breeds, so make sure you buy a production strain; most hatcheries label them as such. Most hatcheries also keep records of their egg laying, I bet they would be happy to tell you what their best layers are. Production strain RI reds and leghorns can handle the cold well, and the RI reds can probable handle it a bit better. Both breeds also come in rose comb varieties so you can avoid frozen combs. Both breeds are good foragers, but the reds are better camouflaged.
For ducks, the best layers are Campbells and runners, both of which will outlay even the best chickens if they come from good production strains. I've heard the runners do better foraging and can handle life on land (w/o a pond) a lot better.