Will hens accept fosters? Foster eggs?
I thought I would relate my experiences for those interested.
First experience February 2013
I have a Silkie that is an excellent momma. In February she hatched 3 of 5 eggs. All 3 of those hatchlings have thrived and grown into productive hens. But as I wanted more chicks (ie hens) at the time, on the 1st day of their hatching I went to the feed store and got a couple of 1 day old Wyandottes (Silver Laced and Gold Laced). I kept them warm in a box inside the house and then placed them with the Silkie in the broody box that night.
Momma Silkie accepted them with no problem and quickly swept them into her brood. However, I found both chicks dead under momma over the next couple of days. The feed store replaced them and their expert came to the conclusion that they had come from the farm the day before, to my house box, then to the coop at night, and that all those transitions were too much for them. In short they had simply succumbed from too much transition. The store instructed me to take the 3 day old replacement chicks immediately to the hen upon arriving at home, in broad daylight, which I did.
The 3 day old replacements, again a Silver and a Gold Laced Wyandotte, bonded very well with the Silkie, and I thought all would be well...which I think it would have been if not for extenuating circumstances. The Gold lived for 2 weeks but died of what I think must have been some internal abnormality as it was not growing at all (dead next to the water dish). The Silver died from an apparent stupid chick trick by getting caught in a weird corner away from the Momma (I fixed that so it wouldn't happen again).
I then twice more successively tried to replace chicks, one a Silver Laced Wyandotte, then a Chanticleer, with what would be about 1 week to 1 1/2 week old chicks, but none of these heat lamp trained chicks seemed to bond with the Silkie well. Though I tried to keep a close eye, they both died I think due to cold exposure as I found them dead in a corner.
Momma again seemed like a good loving momma, but the later fosters never seemed to catch on of what to do and were confused as the larger (same age but now quickly growing), thriving hatchlings were boisterously darting in and out from momma for warm ups and naps then out again for food, water and scratching. By this time Momma was teaching all the chicks to scratch, but the heat-lamp trained chicks were really confused and just wanted to huddle under Momma because it was cold. However, as Momma was showing scratching lessons, they kept getting kicked out of the way, which is why I think they huddled in a corner and evenutally just died within 2 days of placement. Interestingly,
the hatchlings did marvelously well in the winter cold (30 to 32 at night; 40 to 45 at day) and grew quickly running into the cold, days from hatching, not bothered by the cold at all.
Lesson learned: I think it matters a lot as to time of year and age of chicks if you attempt a foster situation. Day old seems to bond really well, or even older, IF all the chicks are the same age and placed together under the hen. Adding chicks to an established brood is harder. I don't think I will try to mix ages of chicks again or add new chicks to an established brood even if the momma hen will accept them since the siblings seem to just overrun them and confuse them. Adding chicks during cold weather should only be done if you also put in a heat lamp so they can warm up if they get overwhelmed by the boisterous siblings.
Second experience June 2013
I recently hatched 2 broods (same batch of eggs) under 2 hens....actually 3 hens....no make that 4.
In May, 3 of my hens went broody (Welsummer; RIR/Welsummer mix; Black Star). I had built a better brooding hutch by now (think rabbit style hutch with 2 large nest boxes, one on each end). I put the Black Star hen in 1 box and the 2 Welsummer half sisters in the opposite box together as they had been trying to sit on each other in the main box to brood infertile eggs. As one sister hen was less dominate, the others kept stealing her eggs, so she gave up (and sulked in the main coop for about 2 more weeks, but never really settling, so I didn't use her).
I re-divided the eggs equally and placed them under the 2 remaining hens with no problem. The Black Star had already been broody for about a week to week and half before I put eggs under her, she gave up after 2 weeks...she hopped the broody pen fence to get to the main flock (amazing feat). I suspicion the Welsummer mix was pestering her for her eggs as I would occasionally find they had swapped nests. (She sulked for another couple of weeks, but never settling again.)
I put the Black Star's eggs under the Welsummer mix immediately to save them, which she accepted without problem. However, that was a lot of eggs for her, so as my Silkie had just showed signs of going broody again, that night I divided out eggs into the other nest again and snatched the Silkie out of the main coop and plunked her down on the eggs. She didn't budge nor bat an eye. She finished them out and hatched them in a week.
We did end up having to put a divider board into the broody hutch so the 2 hens could not interact. Neither ever attacked the others chicks, however, the Welsummer mix being larger and more aggressive would pick on the Silkie. (My poor Silkie gets no respect in my flock).
They simultaneously raised their chicks nesting in the separate boxes (isolated by a divider) but running together in the day pen until at 7 weeks of age when the Welsummer mix simply said "I'm done" and wanted out into the main flock. (She paced back and forth at the broody fence line squawking to be let out.)
The Silkie has taken over and is living harmoniously with the Welsummer's hatchlings...not exactly mothering them, but not being aggressive in any way. They are making their own little flock (and respecting my poor Silkie...for the time being
)
I would like to get some particular breeds next time, so I will try fostering again, but:
1. I will wait for warmer months...May/June is often a frequent brooding time
2. I will only put chicks that are the same age
3. I will attempt to put in chicks less than a week old
4. I will not mix broods...adding new chicks to an existing brood...although warmer weather may prevent casualties like before
My experiences...hope its useful.
Lady of McCamley