I thought maybe the act of fertilization turned on the broody hormones (which I understand can sometimes come on even without fertilization.
I'm not thinking they use logic to decide, I'm just trying to confirm or deny if they have some instincts in this matter.
I have no chickens to observe so I'm asking you who do. Some of the chicken keeping people who replied elsewhere gave me no information to support their one word comments of "rubbish!" and the like. And one of them said "they only do that with fertilized eggs." So I'm asking you experienced people here.
I was also told that they will even break and eat their own egg IF they are that desperate for food/water - so is THAT true?
Rubbish!
Sorry....couldn't resist!
All the information you've received is bogus....you may want to cultivate other chicken mentors. A broody won't search for her eggs, though she will get disturbed for awhile if the eggs or nest are removed. When moving a broody's eggs or nesting site, it's generally done at night and then she is left in darkness on the new nest and eggs until she's settled to it. Most hens will transfer just fine, others never will and will go back to the former nesting site and sit on the ground/nest or other material where her nest and eggs used to reside. She has no knowledge of egg difference, merely that the eggs are gone where they used to be. She has more attachment to that nest site than she does to the eggs, but she will gladly shift to a nest beside of that one if that one has eggs and hers does not. She will also shift to another nest if another chicken has commandeered her nest for the moment...she doesn't particularly care, she's just wanting to sit some eggs. I can remove eggs and put others there, remove eggs and put chicks there and I can remove eggs and put nothing there, she's not going to stop brooding or search for her former eggs just because I do that.
In 40 yrs I've only possessed one chicken who has ever cared that I collected her egg from a nest and she was never broody a day in her life, but she seemed to know when her eggs were collected and she wasn't happy about it...she would follow me from the coop while voicing an alarm cackle. If I fed her egg to a dog, she would leave off complaining and following me and start cackling at the dog instead until that egg was gone entirely. She was a delightful chicken that laid for me many years, so I didn't mind her little quirks but she was the only one I've ever seen do that.
She also has no knowledge of them being fertilized or not until a heart forms in that egg and begins to beat and circulate blood into the egg...as those chicks continue to develop, she may remove and eat the eggs that are not developing...but then again, she may not and those eggs will remain to the end. Some eggs will start growing a chick and then quit...she may eat those to remove them from the nest but she may just leave them be and they will sit there and rot underneath her.
A starving, dehydrated chicken most likely won't even produce an egg, particularly if they are so hungry or thirsty they would peck open an egg in order to live. I'd not suggest testing this theory, as it's cruel. Chickens eat eggs for many reasons....thin shells that are easily broken and leaking, soft shelled eggs that burst open, to remove eggs that are not developing in their brood nest, broken eggs that are dirtying the nest site, etc. It's instinct for them to do so, just to keep the nesting site clean and to keep it from attracting predators, but it's all normal and not induced by being overly hungry or thirsty.