Looks like the OP is long gone.
While it may be necessary to shoot any animal that is killing livestock, that should not be our go to answer when seeing a dog we don't recognize. I would call to it, see if it comes over. It may be someone's pet, and they would be just as grateful as I would be if it were my lost dog to have their dog back.
I raise chickens knowing they are at the very bottom of the food chain. They will be hunted by bears, coyotes, dogs, bobcats, raccoons and more at a moments notice. I can't be out there protecting them with my guns 24/7, so I built the best defense I know how. I set up electric net fencing around my 1/4 acre chicken yard. I built a chicken pen that has both 2"x4" field fencing all around and 1/2 hardware wire from top to bottom. My coop has an outer wall of 5/8" plywood and inner walls of 1/4" plywood. I have my own dogs that I make sure mark the yard all around the chicken yard. I went from 1-2 losses a month to 0 losses in 3 years. The predators are all there still, I get pics of them on my game cameras each week. But they haven't figured out how to get past all the defense layers I have set up. At some point, they probably will get past my defenses, and if and when that happens, I'll figure out another layer of defense.
I have shot animals, mostly rabid animals where shooting them was the merciful thing to do - very pitiful sight if you have seen them staggering around. But it is not fun. I feel bad to have to take a life. I try and live by the golden rule. If it were my dog that got loose, I would hope that someone who finds him would not shoot him simply because he is on their property.
By now, I suspect the OP rues the day he did what he did. How many of us would want to be in his shoes right now, facing the scorn of the community and mounting legal bills? How much better would things be for him now if he had adopted and followed the advice and attitude outlined above? Miles ahead of where he is now. Too late for him to go back in time, but not too late for others who have not yet come to that fateful moment. So how to avoid being put in that situation?
My solution to things is virtually identical to what Thomas outlines above. I also have all manner of predators lurking around after dark and have seen a whole lot of dogs in the yard during the day. But no issues and I really don't even worry about it. My solution is a bomb proof coop at ground zero that protects the birds from the elements and things that go bump in the night and a viciously hot electric fence that surrounds their yard area when they are out during the day. Is that all it takes? Don't know, but I still have all the birds I raised from chicks. It has worked flawless so far.
Electric fences are the ultimate solution to wandering dogs and most other land based predators. No shots fired, so no permanent harm done (I almost feel sorry for anything that touches that fence), so no complaints from owners if their god (sorry dog) does get zapped. Most likely they will never know about it anyway, but if they object, all they have to do is keep their dog away from it. A fence like that gives peace of mind. Just a silent sentinel that is always on.....24/7. To get their training, all animals have to touch it once. Very few will be back to touch it twice.
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