My cats, like my dogs, get fed once a day. There's no need to leave food out free choice when they should be hunting mice. That said, the first thing I do when I go out to do chores is put the cats with their food in a dog crate and lock them in. When I am done with chores, about an hour or so later, they are done eating too. I let them out and put the rest of the food away.
This method stemmed from 2 problems: 1. The geese were eating the cat food. And 2. The cats were crawling all over me while I was milking. Incredible irritating and cumbersome. So, I lock them up with their food. It keeps them out of my hair, they get fed, and no one else gets the cat food -- not chickens, not raccoons, or any other animal looking for easy food.