If nothing else, I admire your tenacity...!!!
So, since no one else has wanted to tackle your questions, I guess I'll go ahead and give it a try. But please keep in mind that these are only my opinions and they should not be taken as fact.
1. As soon as you can. You don't have to offer grit in the very beginning, but as soon as they eat anything other than their starter crumbles, you'll need to give them grit in a separate bowl.
2. I wouldn't put anyone outside until they were at least 6 weeks old, and even then, it would depend on the weather. 8 weeks would be better, 12 even better than that, and 16 would be...well, you get the picture, I'm sure. Put them out when you're ready to, just be reasonable.
3. In about 3 months, give or take.
4. You should at least try to stay within the same brand of feed for continuity, but if you must change, gradual is best. Or wait until your changing types of feed at least. For example...moving from starter/grower feed to laying or maintenance feed.
5. A lot. Mine are usually the loudest in the morning after I let them out. They'll honk and fuss a little every time they see me (or hear me, for that matter), again when I bring them treats, again before being put to bed (they let me know when they're ready) and once more if they sense a stranger or danger...and, of course, any other time they feel like it...lol !!!
6. American Buffs, Pilgrims, Pomeranians, Cotton Patch...all are fairly docile breeds, or so I've heard. I only have Buffs, and they're great.
7. Just their pride. No, seriously, I haven't heard of anything other than minor feather loss and that may be just a myth...IDK.
8. Generally speaking, the more you handle and interact with them, the better. Absence, in this instance, DOESN'T make the heart grow fonder.
9. For starters, you could eat them...but if eggs just aren't your cup of tea, you can always throw them out! (I believe giving them away, selling them and using them in crafts have already been mentioned, so I won't beat a dead horse).
10. At about 18-24 weeks of age.
11. Oyster shell is given to hens of laying age to increase/improve the quality of their egg shells. Just put some in a bowl by their regular feed and they'll eat it ad lib.
12. It really depends on the breed. But on average, let's say 1 egg every other day or so.
13. On average, ducks and geese will molt for a few weeks in the summer, just after the breeding season has passed. This is when they usually lose all their flight feathers, all at once, and cannot fly.
I hope this helps in answering some of your questions...and if not...you know where to find us to ask some more...lol !!!
Take Care and Good Luck!