Worm eggs can survive a very long time in the soil, they are microscopic in size. Some are picked up from the soil when pecking things off the ground, some are picked up from eating another host that has them, like earthworms, cockroaches, etc. Every time an infected bird poos, they are depositing hundreds of eggs into the environment. Even the cleanest looking environment can contain plenty to ensure reinfection. You will need to determine how often to worm based on what works for your particular flock, every flock is different. Try twice a year, but watch for symptoms and retest if necessary. If you find that they need it more often to stay healthy, then you adjust for that. I personally worm 4 times a year, that is what keeps my birds healthy.