That looks like mating damage to me... the vent location, doesn't look red or irritated that I could see. Does it to you? Can you snap a shot of the front of her legs so we can see the scales?
It is not consistent with what I typically see from parasites...
https://the-chicken-chick.com/poultry-lice-and-mites-identification/
Best was to check is after dark using a flash light, part the feathers down to the skin and look for crawlies running away... just below the vent and on the abdomen.
Some mites only come out to feed and don't live on the birds... again it doesn't look the same, as far as I can tell.
Yes, aside from a mating cock having favorite hens, it is possible for one bird to show more symptoms of things. They don;t have the same immune systems and maybe not the same grooming/dirt bathing habits. If you do treat one, treat both so the other doesn't become a target.
If she is old enough her laying may stop as fall/winter approach and she may molt those feathers and and grow new ones in. But they will not get better until she molts... at least the broken ones. Any that have been pulled completely MAY grow back in now, but may not either. Feathers are actually made from 90% protein and it's amino acids.
I highly recommend using feed with at least 18% protein like a grower, and offering oyster shell free choice on the side if it doesn't contain enough. Otherwise, just don't forget that chickens are omnivores. I personally use 20% protein feed... but work with what is available to you.
Good luck!