This is what I give any of my birds who get sick or look sluggish and need vitamins. I just use a dropper and drop a few drops in their mouth 3 times a day. I want the vitamins to get into their body ASAP (without it being diluted by the water), so I don't like putting in in their water. I'm in my opinion, the liquid vitamins are diluted with water and the strength of the liquid is weakened. With water, they will drink when they are thirsty, so the vitamins just linger in the water. I had a LARGE tom turkey that had a severe respiratory problems with a twisted neck that faced backward and he was not eating or drinking. I really believe that these vitamins helped saved his life.