- Dick, R. J.; Wray, J. A.; Johnston, H. N. (1973), "A Literature and Technology Search on the Bacteriostatic and Sanitizing Properties of Copper and Copper Alloy Surfaces", Phase 1 Final Report, INCRA Project No. 212, June 29, 1973, contracted to Battelle Columbus Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio
- https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA165 (this is more about aquariums than watering systems for poultry; but, the datum is worth reviewing. It also tends to focus on chelated copper and copper sulfate rather than pure copper. Also realize the levels they are talking are nothing like what a backyard chicken environment would be.).
There are quite a few others if you do a search on "studies copper algae".
You will find copper sulfate is the most common item discussed when referencing algae control as it is the most commonly sold item for use in pool and large aquarium maintenance, etc. Anecdotal evidence has been provided over many years that simple, pure copper in small environments like a single horse water trough, bird bath, waterer for backyard poultry, etc works effectively to retard algae growth, as well. Of course, this requires the copper to be cleaned of corrosion on a regular basis.
As someone else mentioned, vinegar in the water will help with retarding algae growth, though you don't want to combine the two as the corrosion on the copper will be accelerated if the water is acidified. Quick reference for vinegar to combat algae (
https://www.chefsresource.com/will-vinegar-kill-algae-in-the-water-tank/).
I have copper in some of my waterers and use vinegar in others. It's really just a matter of choice, to be frank. Unless you're using copper sulfate or are exposing the copper in the waterer to high pressure flow, the ppm of copper in your waterer should be negligible. However, even as you want to test the ph of your water if you're using vinegar, you will want to do occasional tests for copper concentration, as well.
Both ph test kits and copper are easy to find in a plethora of locations.
How's that for a long reply to a zombie thread?