I would think that the frozen toes could be the result of too small of diameter of roost. I am not about to heat a coop but I would like to have high percentage Spaulding. We plan to go up and see Brad sometime soon, I will have to make lots of notes on how he does things. 128 pens of birds sounds like an all day adventure.
He told me that he used a heated perch. I have Been talked out of that! I am going to use a ceramic heat lamp. No light just heat. I should get my Java in about a week.