Sick Leghorn

I will take pictures of her tomorrow and post them. I have not seen a single feather in her coop, so I don't think it's moulting. I did look at her comb this evening, and it still is straight and very red. I know it's difficult to diagnose a sick animal via computer, I really appreciate your advice, since this is all new to me. Now ask me about kitties, and I'm good!!! I guess if she's not better tomorrow, I'll call our vet.
 
Yes the feed if it is in pellet or crumble form does not need grit but the other treats you have been feeding her do require grit. Birds do not have teeth so they swallow small stones which go down their digestive tract with the food into a pouch called the gizzard. This is a very strong muscular organ with a tough lining that contracts to grind the little stones or grit with lumpy foods like grains and vegetation and insects to break them down so that it can be digested. The main feed has already been ground down and then reformed into pellets or crumbles which go to a mush inside the bird when it drinks water but the grains/corn and insects need there to be grit available for them to be processed. Over time the stones themselves get worn down to sand and passed out in their poop, so whilst your girl may have had some grit in her gizzard when you got her, she will almost certainly be in need of some now and that could mean she has a digestive impaction, so checking her crop in the morning will be quite relevant. She may also need some oyster shell or crushed up dried egg shells if you have not been supplying those either. The feed is a complete feed and contains enough calcium, but you have been diluting her intake of that by giving her extra treats which will almost certainly have less calcium content, so she may be becoming deficient in calcium which can also lead to egg binding. Hens can sense when they are deficient in grit or calcium and if you provide them in little separate dishes, they will eat what they need when they need it. Chicken grit can be bought relatively cheaply and even a small bag will last a very, very long time, but is essential to their digestive process if they are eating anything other than the formulated pellet or crumble.
Chicken nutrition is actually much more critical than many people realise. Hens have been selectively bred to be far more productive than nature intended, leghorns particularly so as one of the most prolific layers. Their bodies are operating at maximum capability and therefore like top level athletes, their bodies need a very carefully balanced diet. That complete formula feed is the product of some pretty serious scientific research. The reality is that it is designed to be fed as the only source of food, to provide the hen with everything she needs to stay healthy and produce eggs. Once you start throwing treats into the mix you begin to upset the balance of nutrients and over a period of time things can start to go wrong.
Don't get me wrong, a hens life would be pretty dull if all she ever had to eat was layer pellets or crumbles.... which is all most commercial hens get..... but it really is important to have a concept of how few treats can be given safely. I would reduce your meal worms to one tablespoon every other day at the most, maybe half an apple the next day, a tablespoon of cracked corn the day after. 2 or 3 green veggie leaves like spinach another day, perhaps a tiny bit of meat or fish or cottage cheese another day. No more than one tablespoon of one treat per day. Grit and oyster shell or egg shells are considered essentials, not treats because there is no real calorific value to them.
Hopefully that gives you an idea of where the line needs to be drawn. It will be tough to cut back but when you have done a necropsy on an obese hen that haemorrhaged and ruptured to death because she had been fed too much scratch, as I have, it provides a good mental image to deter you from being overly generous.
 
Thanks for all your wonderful advice... I just bought her grit, ground oyster sells and a probiotic to add to her water. Hopefully she will be feeling better soon. I called our vet today and they are looking for a local poultry vet that will contact me. She is standing in her coop right now, so she's out of her nesting box. I found what looked like a soft egg shell in her coop this morning. I saved it for the vet to look at when he or she sees her.
 
Can you take a photo of the soft egg shell you found and post it here so that we can see it. It may be that she has been struggling to pass a soft shelled egg. They are really hard for the bird to push through their oviduct and it makes them feel pretty rough, so that may have been the issue. It would be a good idea to give her a human calcium supplement.... the ones with vitamin D are good or you can get liquid calcium gluconate or at a push, give her half a Tums indigestion tablet. I appreciate that you have offered the oyster shell, but the above calcium is more readily absorbed in a situation like this where a boost is needed quickly. At this time of year as their egg laying season comes to an end and they approach moult, they can become depleted of calcium and soft shelled/shell less eggs are more common. So a calcium tablet crushed and sprinkled on a bit of scrambled egg for a few days will help her over this transition period.
The reason I ask for a photo is that there is a more serious ailment called salpingitis which is an infection of the oviduct and can cause them to produce strange rubbery eggs or egg membranes and if it is that you will need to commence antibiotics at the earliest opportunity to have a hope of saving her.
 
Wow, thanks again for all the great advice!! Here is a picture of what I found in her coop yesterday. I have 600mg calcium pills with 125 iu of D3. Is that ok to crush up and give to her?
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Good Morning Everyone!! Lucy is up and talking, eating and back for her old self!!! Thank you everyone for all your advice and encouragement!! I'm going to make her scrambled eggs with calcium for breakfast right now!!!:celebrate
 
Excellent news that she is feeling more herself and pleased to say that the egg membrane looks perfectly normal so no worries about infection/salpingitis.
Yes that calcium with vitamin D should be fine. I would give it to her for a couple of days and then stop unless she continues to have problems in which case I would continue for a week but reduce it to half a tablet. Too much calcium over a long period can be bad for their kidneys, so this is just a short term boost for her system to help get things back on track.
 

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