The cup system doesn't circulate. Circulation is the only way a closed system, even with an aquarium heater will work. Once you get away from the heated water, everything else will freeze. I've had the cups, fittings and the seals explode in winter.
Horizontal nipples in a heated bucket work down to about 10F or less because the seal is inside the heated space. Vertical nipples don't work in sub freezing temps.
It is bigger than it looks but 16 sq. ft. is sufficient for 4 chickens.
Horizontal nipples in a heated bucket work down to about 10F or less because the seal is inside the heated space. Vertical nipples don't work in sub freezing temps.
It is bigger than it looks but 16 sq. ft. is sufficient for 4 chickens.