Effective Treatments for Common Conditions of Chickens by Owners

Lady of McCamley

Free Ranging
13 Years
Mar 19, 2011
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NW Oregon
I'm interested in starting a conversation thread about effective treatments for common maladies that owners can perform on their own chickens without resorting to a vet (if at all possible).

In case you haven't heard, the FDA has been very busy in removing many common drugs from the over the counter market (ie your feed store) which were once used to treat illnesses in animals in the food chain (chickens, swine, cattle).

It has been largely directed at antibiotics, but that has swept towards others as well.

Here is the list of upcoming restrictions. You will now need a Veterinary prescription to obtain drugs on this list.

http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary...ce/JudiciousUseofAntimicrobials/ucm390429.htm

I am heartbroken to see on that list Hygromycin B, the last and only approved wormer for layers. (This is important if you sell eggs to offset your feed cost).

There as well is Tylan/Tylosin and Tetracycline and Oxytetracyline and Sulmet (sulphamethazine).

I know many buy and use off label (with caution and care and adequate pull times), but that will become much more difficult now as many of these products will simply be off the shelves. Some feed stores have back stock, but legality of selling it is now in question, and back stock will deplete rapidly.

So what are we to do if a bird legitimately gets sick or acquires a malady?

Obviously good husbandry is always the first line of defense, but most small backyard holders simply do not have the field rotation to prevent the inevitable build up of worms and oocysts (coccidiosis), let alone the song birds and critters that track things in.

And, most small backyard holders do not have the dollars to run to the vet for every small thing like a simple puncture wound on a hen that starts looking ugly or seasonal worming!

Sadly, for many, it is very difficult to find a local vet willing or knowledgeable about treating chickens. (Vet schools are geared to commercial treatment which is generally to cull...at least when my daughter was working her way through Vet Tech school a few years back.) So many of us chicken owners are on our own.

What do you plan to do?

What treatments, herbal or otherwise, have shown to be truly effective? I'm interested in evidenced based facts rather than just grandpa's anecdotal stories (though old farmers can definitely teach us a thing or two) or an assumption that "it must be working" as "I've never had a problem."

Unfortunately the "natural" and "herbal" market is rife with a lot of very expensive products that are honestly, pretty ineffective "snake oil.".

Please tell us what you use, some evidence that shows it truly is effective, and how you treat with it.

Please keep all conversations friendly, honest, and with the intent to be helpful (not sell your product nor argue over ideologies...ie natural only or vet only).

Thank you for your input and hopefully a collective pool of helpful and accurate knowledge.

Lady of McCamley

@casportpony

@TwoCrows

@donrae

@Eggcessive

@aart

@sourland

@drumstick diva

@lazy gardener

@Ridgerunner

@fisherlady

@Egghead_Jr
 
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@KsKingBee has been doing his own fecals for quite some time now, and I think he has found Sulfadimethoxine (SulfaMed G, DiMethox, Albon, etc) to be the most effective in treating the strains of coccidiosis at his place. Of course Sulfadimethoxine powder is one of those that will be harder to get now since it is on the list of OTC to Rx meds, but I have heard about people giving the injectable orally, so that might be an option.

-Kathy

Ok, Kathy, I heard ya. For those of you who don't know me my main passion is peafowl. I have about 75 breeders and ship all over the country. the hardest part of raising peachicks enmass is keeping them alive for the first four months, it does not take much to bring them down and some of the ones I raise run into the hundreds of dollars each so I go to a lot of expense to raise them in the most healthy environment as possible. Even then outbreaks hit hard and all too often.

All too often we hear about one problem or another and the good intentions come out with all kinds of ideas and the poor folks with sick birds start throwing everything in the book at the sick birds and in that effort the birds die because the 'right' treatment was not discovered until too late. I am a firm believer of knowing what the problem is before treating by doing fecal exams first and in my case often.

There are many benefits to learning to do your own exams at home, expense, time, travel, when you have to go to the vet, and the urgent time wasted not treating with the proper drug when the bird is critical. When I can rule out worms or cocci I can give the correct meds right away and not run the bird down using the shotgun approach.

Another benefit that Kathy alluded to is not just knowing what to treat with, but knowing if treatment is needed at all. I do not want to give medications when they are not needed. Just today a lady PM'ed me asking when her birds she got in the mail were last treated. I was able to give her a three-month history of fecal exams and treatments or no treatments because they did not have a need for any. It is peace of mind to me knowing the status of my birds. I also do FF after treatments to confirm that the meds are effective.

I am not one to dilute meds in water when we know that the drug is meant to be given at a specific rate. I recently traded some birds with @barkerg who had been treating his flock with 7ml per gallon and letting the birds drink from the waterer and then moving it to another pen. I was surprised that they had zero worms as confirmed with my FF exam. I now also add Valbazen to water but a bit differently, I will add .50 ml of Valbazen per bird in the pen to an amount of water I know they will drink in less than a day. This way I know that they have taken in the prescribed amount and not thrown out with the unconsumed water. If my vet prescribes 0.25 ml of Safeguard per pound of bird I want it in my bird and not laying in the bottom of the water dish to be thrown away.

Now onto OTC drugs. When I needed metronidazole right now I had to go to the local vet as the only place to have it within a two-hour drive, I found that her price was 60% of what I could get it on-line. Ever since that is where I get all my meds. Today I stopped by the vet to talk about doing a surgery on a pet peas eye and asked for Sulfa-Med-G as I didn't see it on the shelf, only SMZ which I had bought before when they were out thinking it was the same thing, it is not. The SMZ would knock the cocci down but I kept having recurring issues with it whereas with the Sulfa-Med-G knocked the cocci right out the first time. Corid in game birds is not very effective for cocci as proven in my exams.

My advice is to not get worried about getting your meds from TSC and develop a relationship with a vet and buy your meds from them. The advice you get from vets when buying from them is usually much better than the 'wives tails' you get from the "well, it seemed to work for me" crowd.

Sorry you had to read all this, it's Kathys fault.
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As promised on this thread, the research, as able, to back up the remedies.

I found this on Copper Sulfate...it is organic certified for agricultural use, both animal and plant. However, that organic certification is due to "sunset" June 2017. I've no idea what they plan to do after that...could be renewal, or study further.

Here is the USDA article for it. In water line use as an antifungal, copper sulfate is exempt from any oversight. I'm not sure if the nutritional level is similar to the water line use level or not.

https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/Copper Sulfate 3 TR 2015.pdf


and toxicology...lethal at higher doses, and it is toxic, so wear gloves when handling and avoid getting it on you or inhaling (which shouldn't be hard to do in the very small quantities used for the birds) but good caution to know.
http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/profiles/extoxnet/carbaryl-dicrotophos/copper-sulfate-ext.html


@TwoCrows Do you happen to have any of your research to link to show the effectiveness of Copper Sulfate?


LofMc
 
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So I was hoping that "Acidified Copper Sulfate" would be as effective as everyone says it is, but I recently had a pigeon with canker that I used it on and it did not make a difference.
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Perhaps this is just a really stubborn case?
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-Kathy

Kathy, look into a product from Medpet called 4 in 1 powder, it was developed for treating pigeons canker, e.coli, paratyphoid, and coccidiosis.
 
As promised on this thread, the research, as able, to back up the remedies.

I found this on Copper Sulfate...it is organic certified for agricultural use, both animal and plant. However, that organic certification is due to "sunset" June 2017. I've no idea what they plan to do after that...could be renewal, or study further.

Here is the USDA article for it. In water line use as an antifungal, copper sulfate is exempt from any oversight. I'm not sure if the nutritional level is similar to the water line use level or not.

https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/Copper Sulfate 3 TR 2015.pdf


and toxicology...lethal at higher doses, and it is toxic, so wear gloves when handling and avoid getting it on you or inhaling (which shouldn't be hard to do in the very small quantities used for the birds) but good caution to know.
http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/profiles/extoxnet/carbaryl-dicrotophos/copper-sulfate-ext.html


@TwoCrows Do you happen to have any of your research to link to show the effectiveness of Copper Sulfate?


LofMc
Along with many testimonials on line about using Copper Sulfate to treat yeast/thrush, sour crop, Vent Gleet, bacteria, Cocci, Canker, etc... these are some of my "go to" websites when doing my research...(CTRL + F Copper Sulfate)

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ps044

https://sites.google.com/a/poultrypedia.com/poultrypedia/medicine-chart

http://www.thepoultrysite.com/diseaseinfo/27/candidiasis-moniliasis-thrush/

I can't speak for everyone as each bird and each situation differs from mine, however I have had success using Copper Sulfate and at the rate of 1/4 tsp Copper to 1 gallon of water. I am not sure what a toxic level is, so I follow the instructions on the packaging. I have read of people using 2 or 3 times what I use with no ill effects. Since I have healed birds with what ails them in my flock, I will stick with the manufactures recommended amount. Quite frankly, the stuff scares me, LOL, BUT it saves lives and I have and will use it if nothing else works.
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I stumbled onto this website which may prove helpful for our discussion thread use.

I've not spent a lot of time on the website,but it looks to be quite useful, especially for those of us who desire non-drug approaches (FDA thing again) but not eager to attempt herbal/homeopathic unless there is some research or clinical evidence.

PoultryDVM. Anyone else heard of it?

Best news, it doesn't seem to try to be selling anything (although it may have advertisements...I use an ad blocker, so was not bothered). It also gives directories for vets listed in your area that will treat chickens. (I found one listed near me)...although of course the selection is limited to those who participate in the site...but it would be a starting place.

The main site is located at:
http://www.poultrydvm.com/

It has a section on herbal remedies
http://www.poultrydvm.com/herbs.php

It also has a symptom checker which lists treatment suggestions for likely illnesses which include medicated and herbal, WITH citations to efficacy as shown in clinical studies.

http://www.poultrydvm.com/views/symptoms.php

Interesting site.
LofMc
 
I don't use meds, so not concerned about the ban.

The only chemical I use is permethrin for lice,
have used vitamins/electrolyte solution for heat stroke,
and do have corrid on hand, since starting chooks 3 years ago, in case of cocci(never had to use it tho).

As requested, I will not cite my ideology regarding the misapplication of 'meds' or meds vs 'natural remedies'.
 
Time will tell how this antibacterial ban goes with private chicken keeping, at least for those that do not or can not use a vet for what ever reason. I personally have stocked up on a few common antibacterial drugs just in case....(Baytril, Amoxicillin, PenG, Doxycycline and Duramycin). Of course these will expire at some point and I have them stored properly for now.

Preventative medicine goes a long way in keeping chickens healthy and that goes not only for what they eat and drink, but their environment as well. Clean feed, clean water, lots of space, low stress and good foraging territory. However some birds are genetically prone to certain diseases, they may have weak immune systems from the start or your environment may pose a threat from certain bacterial, yeast or parasite infestations. I for one have a very alkaline soil which harbors yeasts like mad, we have hoards of wild White Winged Doves which are known to carry Canker and Coccidiosis, both of which have been devastating on migrating wild bird populations here in the west, New Mexico especially, the fore mentioned Doves have become immune to these issues. I am sure every territory has it's issues...some places are loaded with mites, Round Worms or Mareks, some may be overloaded with yeasts, Canker and Coccidiosis.

However there comes a time in all chicken keepers life that a bird gets an internal infection of some sort whether that be from internal laying or reproductive cancer, oviduct infections are common along with E.coli infections. I am not sure any natural product will address these properly enough to rid the bird of internal bacterial infections, I have used Oregano Oil in the past and have found it is a mild killer of intestinal bacteria and yeast. Of course we have all heard of Apple Cider Vinegar. It is a wonderful tonic/preventative to sour up the intestinal tract, making it a less desirable environment for bacteria, yeast and worms, but it won't kill off an infestation or infection properly.

After having so many outbreaks of yeast, canker and cocci from my environment, I have found that Acidified Copper Sulfate is a wonderful thing to use on the flock. It is not something to be abused and can be poisonous if not used properly, but it will kill off gummy crops, sour crops, Canker, Coccidiosis, many species of intestinal worms, harmful yeasts and E.coli infections of the intestinal tract. Copper Sulfate is used in all animal feeds and supplements (with the exception of feed for sheep) as a source of Copper. However when given in higher doses, it's heavy metal properties kills off most pathogens, bacterias, fungi, yeasts, parasites, protozoa and other things susceptible to Copper at toxic levels. It is used for a short period of time in the flocks water, the Acidified type has absorbic acid and lemon added for good taste. I have used this with great success.

Some of the more common of things that afflict chickens and poultry are Canker, worms, Coccidiosis, crop issues from yeasts, E.coli infections and all of these can be treated with Acidified Copper Sulfate and it is not on the list of antibacterial drugs being removed from the common man's market. So I do suggest we all keep a supply of Acidified Copper Sulfate on hand.

https://www.mcmurrayhatchery.com/acidified_copper_sulfate.html

https://www.twincitypoultrysupplies...2fba44acb340c1&keyword=Copper+Sulfate&x=0&y=0

All we can do at this point is keep our birds as healthy as possible with supplements, the use of probiotics and Apple Cider Vinegar for good intestinal health (which is where most pathogens take hold...a healthy oxygenated gut will ward off many harmful ailments) give our birds lots of space in and of the coop and never over crowd, clean water every day, fresh feed every day, lots of greens, clean coops and runs, outdoor time year round. And give our birds an occasional exam..checking feet pads for wear and tear, bodies for mites and lice, morning crop checks for emptiness, evening crop checks for fullness, comb color, poop inspection for color and consistency, blood, lash eggs, etc... (yes, get down there and look at it...and cecal poop that does not smell can indicate a sick bird) keep track of the weight of each bird and keep a record, etc....

And don't discredit herbal treatments. As I mentioned, Oregano Oil is a powerful natural antibacterial/antifungal. Ginger is great for yeast infections, liver disease, helps with nausea and draws blood into the intestines. Hawthorn is a wonderful treatment for arterial hypertension and heart failure/valve conditions in older birds as well. Cinnamon is also a great additive for preventing yeast infections and helps to increase circulation. ACV helps to also increase appetite in birds that may be off their feed.

I wish everyone the best of health in their flocks in these coming years and I am most grateful we all have a place we can come to, BYC, and help one another out with our birds. I for one would be lost without all of you. I can't tell you how thankful I am for all I have learned from so many of you!!
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@TwoCrows

Excellent information. I presume you get the Copper Sulfate from the feed store? Do you follow a pull time for eggs?

My recurring problem has been worms and suspicion of mild coccidiosis.

I add the ACV into water, and try to keep clean grounds, but on 1/3 acre after 6 plus years, build up is inevitable especially with Oregon's typical milder winters and wetter seasons. (I laugh at removing "puddles" from your area....uh, I'd have to leave Oregon.)

Thank you for your valuable input.

LofMc
 
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@aart , what's the link for that place that does fecals?

-Kathy
http://www.midamericaagresearch.net/instructions.php

@TwoCrows

Excellent information. I presume you get the Copper Sulfate from the feed store? Do you follow a pull time for eggs?

My recurring problem has been worms and suspicion of mild coccidiosis.

I add the ACV into water, and try to keep clean grounds, but on 1/3 acre after 6 plus years, build up is inevitable especially with Oregon's typical milder winters and wetter seasons. (I laugh at removing "puddles" from your area....uh, I'd have to leave Oregon.)

Thank you for your valuable input.

LofMc
I tried Copper Sulfate in water for lice, seemed to work the first time, but not the second so I don't use it anymore.
Got the product in the plumbing department of the hardware, might also try gardening dept.
Read the labels closely to get 'pure'.
 

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