Hey folks, I posted this topic to learn about the subject, not for anyone to become a keyboard warrior. I would appreciate knowledge and experience on the act of doing this, or scientific facts why you chose not to do it. I do not deem castration as a cruel measure if it means that I know beyond a shadow of a doubt that that animal will live a very long happy healthy life with me. And as I stated above, I most likely will not do this, I simply want to learn about the topic. So please refrain from insults.
Sorry you feel attacked. Understandably so. You asked a valid question, and require a valid answer based on anatomy and physiology, rather than individual value systems.
Chicks can safely be caponized b/c they have not yet undergone puberty. Their testicles are tiny. Caponization is done without anesthesia. A person skilled in the art of caponization can do so very quickly, and the chicks are soon back to pecking at their crumble. They grow faster b/c they will not be putting energy into sexual growth or activity.
Once a cockerel is mature enough that the typical BY flock owner notices that this chick "is not like the others", the flood of testosterone has left it's mark. His testicles are now huge, and the accompanying vascular supply makes the likelihood of castration without causing him to bleed out very slim. This is why such surgery, if you can even find someone to do it is so expensive: RISK! There are vets who are doing it, but they are about as common as hen's teeth. One vet I read about stopped caponizing mature cockerels for flock owners. But, he did change up his practice so that he was caponizing cockerels and then offering them up for sale.
Now, I jump into "value systems". IMO, putting a "no crow collar" on a rooster IS an inhumane act. The collars come with warnings not to feed the birds pellets while they are wearing them b/c of the risk of choking. Now, what's gonna happen to that roo when he finds a frog, or a huge grasshopper, or a mouse in his territory? Is he gonna say, "Perhaps I shouldn't eat that.", or maybe, "I should pull out my jack knife so I can cut it into bite sized morsels!" Nope. He's gonna do his usual and instinctive behavior: hoover it down before any one else tries to get it.
Roos are loud. Very loud, especially on Saturday morning, when they start in at 4:30 AM, the only day of the week that you can sleep in. If I was not willing to put up with that, I would rehome or eat my lovely roo.