This has been my first season attempting to breed anything, other than random hatching. I started last January with 25 chicks. It has been an eye-opening learning experience and I am reorganizing my breeding priorities for next year.
The first issue was humidity problems in the incubator. In my test runs the incubator had been half full, and humidity was within bounds. Hatch rates of fertile test eggs were around 90% so I thought all was good. Once I had the incubator full it was a different story. The humidity spiked, and it stayed high. It took two weeks to straighten out my full-incubator technique and the high humidity adversely affected two batches of eggs. Finally got the humidity stable when the latch broke on the incubator door. Sigh. The bungee cord closure I've got on it now is working fairly well but it took another couple of weeks to tweak the system and stabilize things again. Now my hatching season is winding down, because I need to have the chicks out of the brooder before the heat hits in April. The 100 degree heat seems to come earlier every year. I've managed to hatch out only 16 chicks (not counting two culls), and have two more sets of eggs in the incubator. Next year I will try again with a different incubator.
I had set up individual breeding pens so I could breed complementary pairs and keep close track of who was producing what.
The hen I most wanted to breed from because of her size and her long, straight back turns out to lay one egg a week if I'm lucky. Plus her eggs are so small I have to put a narrow collar around them to keep them from slipping through the holes in the turner. And 3/4 of her eggs were clear. The eggs that did develop have not succeeded in hatching. She is no longer considered my "best" hen. Unless she starts laying more soon she will be on the cull list.
My next-best hen in terms of conformation to Standard lays reasonably well. 4-5 eggs/week in winter with no lights. Her eggs develop and some of them have hatched. Her chicks are large and some have had trouble getting out of the shell. A couple of them got themselves mostly unzipped but stayed in the egg. They were clearly struggling to get out. After several hours I broke my own rule and peeled them out. Those two chicks seem fine. I've got them tagged and will keep an eye on them. I don't want birds that have to be helped out of the shell, so these will be back-up birds at best if I don't cull them before next breeding season.
One hen went broody last fall and raised a random batch of eggs I gave her. She was a great mom. She started laying again when her chicks were about 8 weeks old. She is a sturdy bird and lays 5-6 eggs/week in the winter with no lights. I had not originally intended to breed her because she does not conform as well to the Standard as some of the other hens, but after the trouble I was having getting eggs from former Hen #1 I decided to breed this bird anyway. She is a vigorous, productive chicken and I want to maintain those production and broody characteristics in the flock. Her eggs have had the highest hatch rate of any of the hens I've had in the breeding pens. Most of the chicks that successfully hatched were from this hen, regardless of which cock she was paired with. Her bloodline will continue. Type may go backwards for a while. I hope the two cocks I paired her with this season will help correct some of those type issues in her offspring. Only time will tell.
Now I am hoping that some of these chicks turn out to be pullets. Most are clearly cockerels, which makes it hard to improve the flock. I have yet to cull a hen because I only got 8 hens out of the original 25 chicks. The five I haven't tried to breed are in the layer flock as backups.
Just discovered a loose dog - looks like a young Rottweiler - who must be the varmint that removed my main rooster's tail the other day. Today it killed a mourning dove inside my hoop coop. I caught it inside the coop with a face full of feathers. I threw rocks at it and it left the yard - THROUGH the fence. Not over, not under. The fence is made of remesh and that dog went through one of the holes, which are six or seven inches wide. Am now in the market for a pellet gun after I reinforce the fence with smaller wire and plant a bunch of cactus along the fence line. Grrrr....
Sarah