I know this thread is kind of old but I am interested in learning more about possibly raising a pair of doves or pigeons. I have a small flock of chickens and am wondering if I would use a coop similar to what my chickens have or do they require some sort of special housing? Any information would be appreciated
It's possible you could use the same coop. Pigeons have specific needs that differ from chickens, but those needs can be implemented by easy modifications to most chicken coops.
Pigeons' loft should be sheltered from the sun, not drafty but well ventilated, but it also needs an aviary separate from the covered loft where they can be exposed to sunlight daily.
Pigeons like perches, and while they will mill about on the ground, they mostly like perching up. They prefer flat surfaces, 1" minimum, but they will perch on other surfaces as well. My aviary has two 1/2" dowel rods in it, and they perch on that no problem. There should be one perch for each bird, otherwise they will take up space in nest boxes or on the floor. Pigeons that are forced to be on the floor may be subject to being attacked by the other pigeons.
Pigeon nest boxes should be stacked vertically, not on the ground like chicken nest boxes. Pigeons will only nest on the ground if they have to (all other nest boxes taken up). They like being elevated.
Pigeons don't like or need dust baths, but they like (and arguably need) regular water baths.
If you do not plan on flying your pigeons outside of their loft, they should have a large enough aviary to fly around in for exercise, so the aviary should be more of a "flight pen" than an aviary.
I think pigeons are much cleaner than chickens or ducks. Their poop looks more like healthy chicken poop, it is not watery bird poop, but is solid if the birds are healthy--ranging from soft serve to formed terds. I try to scrape out my loft daily, but believe it or not, I have noticed my pigeons will take it upon themselves to clean poop in their loft and will actually roll their poop out of their nest boxes and perches to clean it off. I haven't caught them doing it, but there are times I know the nest boxes and perches need to be scraped because I saw them covered in poop but didn't have time to clean it at the moment, and went back later to find everything clean! I think they do it with their feet by kicking it away.
They are not messy birds like chickens are. Chickens will make a terrible mess of any kind of dirt or even piles of food. Pigeons don't do that, they pick about their food. Occasionally instead of picking what food (seeds/grain) they want they will sometimes throw out the food they don't want and throw it to the floor, but it's not too bad at all.