Heres what I have learned.
Chicks arent the brightest bulbs in the brooder. They are easily confused, not knowing where the food or water is, and so they are sometimes left out. This is especially so in larger brood arrangments. It so happens that they are also attracted to white light.
They are also drawn to the color red, as in blood. The little savages start picking on each other, mercilessly, at an early age. This is especially prevalent when the brooder is a bit confined.
I use the word 'savages' without equivocation. If a little blood is drawn under harsh white light, during these 'poking matches', then things can become dire. I've been suprised to see a blooded chick ravaged by its own flock mates within hours. I was shocked even more when they began to eat it, it's legs weakly flailing, trying to escape...
SO I play to their "vices," as it were.
I use red heat lights as their first light. Under red light, any blood is not seen as red, but merely as a speck of black. No red, no attack. It is also soothing, just what the doctor ordered for the first 3-4 days.
I put a small white lamp directly above the food and water. A C7, 7W bulb is fine. This attracts them to the feeding station, so they can get to the food and water.
Once they get well established, after the 1st week or so, I turn up the room lights and dispense with all the lighting trickery. The red lamp remains, but it is only there to add heat. By the 4th week they are out of the confines of the heated brooder.
PS Forest Lake, MN - Ice Fishing Capital of the World.