We live in an area where people have a couple acres, but if they love their dogs they don't let them run. Since we have a lot of wild life (foot hills of the Cascades) We carry bear spray. When out on a walk with our dog, a lady who would let her pit bull run came running up and tried to fight our dog, we gave the pitbull a squirt of pepper spray, it ran off. The next time he saw us he barked but from a distance, and if we ever saw that dog again with our dog, it would defer to our dog, thinking he was the one who sprayed him.
You don't have to be in the country to have a loose dog problem, when we lived in the city, in the morning, instead of walking their dogs the people just let them outside, they would form packs, and once I had to walk to the bus and a group of dogs considered jumping me, I yelled at them and walked with purpose, they left me alone but it was still scary. I think they wanted me to run so they could chase me.
Now the only dog thing we have in our area is people from Seattle visiting our area and leaving bags of dog poop on the trails, as if we have some worker person assigned to collect bags of pooh. We don't.